Table 1 Detection accuracy and repeatability (Conc.mean/ σconc./Err.) of the crown ether decorated SiP Pb2+ sensor against reference Pb2+ concentrations, in DI water, verified by ICP-MS

From: Crown ether decorated silicon photonics for safeguarding against lead poisoning

Reference Pb2+ concentration in analyte (DI water, pH = 6.8)

Inferred Conc.mean/ σconc. (n = 6)/ Err.

1 ppb

1.24 ppb/ 0.26 ppb/24.0%

10 ppb

10.2 ppb/ 0.3 ppb/2.0%

15 ppb

14.3 ppb/ 0.6 ppb/4.7%

80 ppb

79.0 ppb/ 1.7 ppb/1.3%

62 ppm

64.6 ppm/ 4.5 ppm/4.2%

  1. The pH of the analyte is 6.8 (see Methods). Conc.mean refers to mean sensor inferred concentrations. σconc. refers to the standard deviation of the sensor-inferred concentrations. Err. refers to the variation in Conc.mean from the reference concentrations. Each reference Pb2+ concentration was measured using six independent photonic sensors (n = 6).
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