Fig. 2: Fine-structure characterizations of Ir/Al2O3 and Ir/CeO2−x samples.

a–c Quasi in situ XPS of Ir 4f, Ce 3d an O 1s for Ir/Al2O3 and Ir/CeO2−x samples with various Ir loading. d In situ CO-DRIFTS spectra on the surface over Ir/Al2O3 and various Ir/CeO2−x samples. e Ir L3-edge XANES spectra and (f) diagram of the linear combination fitting (LCF) results for various samples.