Fig. 3: Redesigned V1 hypervariable (HV) loop of the subtype B Env consensus sequence.

A Sequence logo of 2495 subtype B sequences around the V1HV loop, with the N-/C-anchors and spacer indicated by boxes. The height of each amino acid letter represents its frequency at the position. The letter ‘O’ indicates a potential N-linked glycosylation site. The consensus B Env with unmodified V1HV loop (B) and redesigned V1HV loop (C) modeled by AlphaFold2 are shown with the N-anchor, C-anchor, and spacer sites colored blue, orange, and light green, respectively. Non-HV residues that interact with anchor sites are shown as spheres (hydrophobic interactions) or sticks (charge-charge interactions). Source data for panel A are provided in the Source Data file.