Fig. 8: The magnitude and relative importance of proposed driving forces in the WUS.
From: Western US intraplate deformation controlled by the complex lithospheric structure

The second invariant of the crustal stress tensor caused by a plate boundary forces (TPBF), b basal tractions (TBT), and c lithospheric body forces (TLBF). Ratios of driving forces with d TLBF/TBT, e TPBF/TBT, and f TPBF/TLBF. In (d)–(f), red indicates the greater importance of the force in the denominator, white denotes that the two forces are comparable, and blue shows the force in the numerator is more important.