Fig. 2: Design of the terahertz topological laser based on the SMDC.

a Honeycomb primitive cell of the Kekulé modulation, with a circular air hole radius \(r={a}_{0}/9\). b Schematic diagram of the hexagonal topological cavity construction. c Band gap of different modulation phases with \(m=0.18a\) and the band diagram of \({\theta }_{r}=2\pi /3\). d Illustration of the Kekulé modulation phase distribution in the designed topological cavity. e Simulated near-electric field of the SMDC TL. f Simulated far-electric field of the SMDC TL.