Table 1 Comparison of passive control and proactive control by the EPCC

From: Early warning and proactive control strategies for power blackouts caused by gas network malfunctions

Attribute

Passive control

Proactive control

Information used

Electric power system

Gas system and electric power system

When to act

When cascading failure propagates to the power system (slow response)

When a major failure occurs in the gas system (fast response)

Control effect

Extreme control measures, such as load shedding to offset the power deficit

Moderate control strategies of generator regulation to mitigate the power deficit

Impact on livelihood

Potentially very high

Avoided or significantly reduced