Fig. 5: Exploration of sex-specific differences at the cellular level in AD.
From: A single-cell and spatial RNA-seq database for Alzheimer’s disease (ssREAD)
a UMAP visualization of the single-cell data used in the analysis, with different cell types color-coded. b–c Bar plots illustrate the count and proportion of each cell type, segregated by sex. This reveals any potential differences in cellular composition between male and female samples. d UpSet plot showing the unique and shared DEGs across four groups: Male AD patients, Female AD patients, Male controls, and Female controls. e Violin plots for the top 10 upregulated DEGs between male and female in microglia. * Indicates sex-chromosomal genes. p-values were calculated based on a two-sided Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test and adjusted using Bonferroni correction. f Violin plots for the top 10 downregulated DEGs between male and female in microglia. p-values were calculated based on a two-sided Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test and adjusted using Bonferroni correction. g Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) plot showing the enrichment of genes involved in binding and uptake of ligands by scavenger receptors. h–j GSEA plots showing the enrichment of genes involved in neurogenesis for three different comparisons: Male AD vs. Male Control in Microglia (h), Female AD vs. Female Control in Microglia. (i), and Male AD vs. Female AD in Microglia (j). These plots highlight the sex-specific differences in neurogenesis-related gene activity under AD conditions.
