Fig. 2: Detection and identification the new substances in the reaction systems.

a The equations involved in this study. b GC analysis detected the formation of a new substance, labeled as compound 3. The reactions were carried out using 5 mM 1, 1 mM 2, 1 mM NADPH, and 100 μM GkOYE in PBS (pH 7.4) with 3% methanol (MeOH) as a co-solvent. c The results of GC-MS. The molecular weight corresponding to characteristic absorption peaks of the product is determined to be at m/z = 233.1. d The results of infrared spectroscopy. The data exhibited a characteristic absorption peak of hydroxyl groups at 3329.08 cm–1.