Fig. 1: Biosynthesis of verticilactams.
From: Iron-sulphur protein catalysed [4+2] cycloadditions in natural product biosynthesis

a Chemical structures of verticilactam (1) and verticilactams B (2) and C (3). b Biosynthetic gene cluster of 1 from S. spiroverticillatus JC-844415. c The proposed biosynthetic pathway for verticilactams. Solid arrows indicate a physiological pathway, whereas the dashed arrow shows an abiological reaction only observed by in vitro conversion. *VtlF possibly accelerates Michael addition reaction based on DFT calculations.