Fig. 5: IGFBP2 in astrocytes leads to enhanced neuronal activities in AstroP2Y1OE mice.

A, B Immunohistochemical analysis of IGFBP2 expression in the hippocampus. GFAP was used as an astrocytic marker. IGFBP2 signals that were colocalized with GFAP were quantified. Control, n = 293 ROIs from 15FOVs, 3 mice; AstroP2Y1OE, n = 331 ROIs from 12 FOVs, 3 mice (two-sided two-sample t-test). Data are presented as mean ± s.d. C Representative traces of EFS-evoked neuronal Ca²⁺ signals (magenta) and astrocytic Ca²⁺ signals (green). Compared with control IgG (n = 20 ROIs from 3 slices, 3 mice), IGFBP2 antibodies reduced neuronal Ca²⁺ signals without affecting astrocytic Ca²⁺ signals in AstroP2Y1OE mice (n = 40 ROIs from 6 slices, 3 mice) (two-sided two-sample t-test). Data are presented as mean ± s.d. D IGFBP2 at 10 ng/mL (1 h at room temperature) enhanced EFS-evoked neuronal Ca²⁺ signals in the soma. ACSF (control), n = 42 cells from 5 slices, 3 mice; IGFBP2, n = 61 cells from 6 slices, 3 mice (two-sided two-sample t-test). Data are presented as mean ± s.d. E Schematic diagram for the AAV-mediated knockdown of Igfbp2 in astrocytes. The schematic diagram in Fig. 6E was created with BioRender.com released under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International license. F Traces of neuronal Ca²⁺ signals in the soma of AstroP2Y1OE mice with or without Igfbp2 knockdown in astrocytes. Control, n = 55 cells from 9 slices, 4 mice; Igfbp2 gRNA, n = 33 cells from 5 slices, 3 mice (two-sided Mann–Whitney U test). Data are presented as mean ± s.d. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.