Fig. 3: Selected examples of electron pitch angle and energy distributions.
From: Closed magnetic topology in the Venusian magnetotail and ion escape at Venus
Three selected times are 20:10:48–20:10:52 (panels a–c), 20:10:57–20:11:01 (panels e, f), and 20:11:11–20:11:15 UT (panels g–i), each averaging over 4-s SPAN-e observations. DEF stands for differential energy flux with a unit of eVcm−2s−1sr−1eV−1. Three rows are the normalized pitch angle distributions by the averaged flux of each energy channel (panels a, d, and g), normalized pitch angle distributions by the maximum flux of each energy channel within 80–200 eV (panels b, e, and h), and the energy distributions of electrons at parallel (PA 0∘–46∘), perpendicular (PA 67∘–113∘), and antiparallel (PA 134∘–180∘) directions (panels c, f, and i).
