Table 1 Representative reaction optimizationa

From: Electrochemical meta-C–H sulfonylation of pyridines with nucleophilic sulfinates

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Entry

Variation from the optimal conditions

Yield of 3 (%)

1

Without 2a

1a’ decomp.

2

None

73

3

MeOH/MeCN (3:1) as solvent

60

4

MeOH/THF (3:1) as solvent

69

5

MeOH as solvent

68

6

CPME as solvent

<1

7

(+)C|Pt(−) as electrode

58

8

(+)GF|GF(−) as electrode

52

9

PhSO2Li, PhSO2K, PhSO2Cs, or PhSO2NnBu4 instead of PhSO2Na

55, 64, 63, 66

10

PhSO2NHNH2 instead of PhSO2Na

40

11

PhSO2H (3 equiv.) + Na2CO3 (1.5 equiv.) instead of PhSO2Na

24

12

3 mA

22

13

7 mA

37

14

Under air

46

15

No electrolyte

45

16

No electricity

<1

17

BQ, K2S2O8, or I2 (2 equiv.) instead of electricity

<1, <1, 8

18

Ag2CO3, Cu(OAc)2 or Mn(OAc)3·2H2O (2 equiv.) instead of electricity

<1, 15, 20

  1. CPME cyclopentyl methyl ether, THF tetrahydrofuran, C graphite phate, BQ 1,4-benzoquinone.
  2. aConditions: 1a’ (0.15 mmol), 2a (0.45 mmol), nBu4NBF4 (0.15 mmol), MeOH/CPME (3:1, 2 mL), undivided cell with graphite felt (GF) anode (10 mm × 20 mm × 2 mm) and platinum plate (Pt) cathode (10 mm × 20 mm × 0.3 mm), constant current of 5 mA (ca. 1.9 F.mol−1), room temperature (25 °C), 1.5 h, under N2; then hydrolysis with 6 mol/L HCl (5 mL) in MeCN at 60 °C for 24 h. Isolated yields.