Fig. 4: Forest plot of acute exacerbation of COPD according to subgroups (full analysis set for exacerbation).

COPD=chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. GOLD=Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. CI=confidence interval. mMRC=modified Medical Research Council. CAT=chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test. Relative risk and 95% confidence intervals are shown and the error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals. The relative risk was calculated using Poisson regression, with correction for exposure to the trial regimen, overdispersion, age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, COPD exacerbations in the previous year, COPD treatment at baseline and center.