Fig. 4: Ion transmission efficiency and ion/droplet current fractions.
From: Nanopore ion sources deliver individual ions of amino acids and peptides directly into high vacuum

a Setup used to measure the ion transmission efficiency of a nanopore ion source. IE: emission current, IT: transmitted current, VT: tip voltage, VE, extraction voltage (difference between VT and voltage on first element of the ion optics). b IE and IT and the resulting transmission efficiency (c) of a 39 nm ID nanopore ion source containing a 100 mM aqueous solution of NaI. d IE and IT and the resulting transmission efficiency (e) of a 49 nm ID nanopore ion source containing a 100 mM aqueous solution of arginine at pH 8.95. f Setup used to separately measure the ion current, IIon, and the droplet current, IDrop. g IIon and IDrop and the resulting ion fraction (h) emitted 739 by a 39 nm ID nanopore ion source containing a 100 mM aqueous solution of NaI. 740 i, IIon and IDrop and the resulting ion current fraction (j) emitted by a 41 nm ID 741 nanopore ion source containing a 100 mM aqueous solution of Arginine at pH 8.95. 742 a–c, f, h Adapted with permission from ref. 72. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.