Fig. 3: Comparison of paleoclimate and ocean chemistry changes with geochemical data for the MCSD85 Fe–Mn crust over the past 80 million years.
From: Episodic intensification of marine phosphorus burial over the last 80 million years
Graded blue arrows represent ice sheet expansion stages in the northern and southern hemispheres, and climate classification is from ref. 84. Grey shading denotes intervals of crustal growth interruption, as determined by the Os isotope chemostratigraphic correlation and previous studies in the Western Pacific. Magenta shading denotes the phosphatization phases identified in this study. a Benthic foraminiferal δ13C record during the Cenozoic84 and δ13C stratigraphy for the Upper Campanian-Maastrichtian85. The black line represents the lowess fit curve from the grey measure data. b Comparison between Os isotope data from the MCSD85 Fe–Mn crust (blue crosses) and the seawater 187Os/188Os curve (light blue triangles). c Ba contents (lowess fit) in Fe–Mn crust MCSD85, where the light blue shading denotes the 90% confidence interval based on a lowess fit. Dashed lines indicate no data during the hiatus intervals. Source data are provided as a Source data file.
