Fig. 3: The 3D Curved High-Density Liquid Metal Coils (HD-LMC) integrated unit can be used for pressure and temperature sensing, as well as distance sensing and near-field communication.

a. Conceptual design of pressure sensors. b. The value of the inductance change of the HD-LMC is linear over a wide range of applied pressure (35.71-357.14 kPa, corresponding to 5-50 N). c. 100 cycle tests were conducted at higher pressures (214.29 kPa, corresponding to 30 N) and stable inductive signal changes were observed. d. The inductive signal changes during a pressure cycle, with the signal increasing and decreasing relatively quickly. e. Conceptual design of temperature sensors. f. The inductance signal of HD-LMC from room temperature 27 °C to 100 °C also has a strong linear relationship. g. The inductance signal of HD-LMC exhibits a stable step-like shape with relatively consistent changes when the temperature is raised by 5 °C every 30 minutes. h. HD-LMC exhibited good cycling stability when heated and cooled in a water bath for 3 min between room temperature 27 °C and 80 °C. i. HD-LMC is used for non-contact sensing of distance to metal surfaces. j. HD-LMC is used to sense the distance of metal plates with high magnetic permeability. k. HD-LMC is employed to sense the distance of lower permeability metal plates. l. Conceptual diagram of the principle of non-contact eddy current detection. m. HD-LMC is used for Near Field Communication (NFC) for information exchange. n. Return loss S₁₁ for different quality factors Q. o. Impedance characteristics exhibited by NFC with different Q. p. Utilize the HD-LMC integrated unit for a variety of functions such as receiving text messages, sending text messages, creating new contacts, making phone calls, opening emails, obtaining location information, accessing WiFi, and browsing websites. All error bars are the standard deviation of three independent samples. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.