Table 1 Basic characteristics of study participants in the discovery and replication stage

	Discovery stage in DFTJ cohort			Replication stage in CKB cohort
Variables^a	Controls (n = 751)	Cases (n = 751)	P value^b	Controls (n = 476)	Cases (n = 476)	P value^b
Basic characteristics
Age, years	64.84 ± 7.20	64.93 ± 7.16	–	49.79 ± 7.22	50.97 ± 7.62	–
Male, n (%)	376 (50.07)	376 (50.07)	–	267 (56.09)	267 (56.09)	–
BMI, kg/m²	23.93 ± 3.21	24.79 ± 3.32	<0.001	23.34 ± 3.24	23.95 ± 3.70	0.01
Current smokers, n (%)	135 (17.98)	164 (21.84)	0.11	101 (21.22)	115 (24.16)	0.07
Current drinkers, n (%)	216 (28.76)	217 (28.89)	0.89	92 (19.33)	70 (14.71)	0.06
Estimated cell type proportions
CD8⁺ T cell, %	0.09 ± 0.05	0.09 ± 0.04	0.94	0.05 ± 0.04	0.06 ± 0.04	<0.001
CD4⁺ T cell, %	0.10 ± 0.04	0.10 ± 0.05	0.04	0.11 ± 0.04	0.09 ± 0.05	<0.001
NK cell, %	0.10 ± 0.05	0.10 ± 0.04	0.003	0.13 ± 0.06	0.12 ± 0.06	0.001
B cell, %	0.03 ± 0.02	0.03 ± 0.03	0.05	0.03 ± 0.02	0.03 ± 0.02	0.01
Monocyte, %	0.06 ± 0.03	0.07 ± 0.02	0.74	0.07 ± 0.03	0.07 ± 0.03	0.51
Neutrophil, %	0.55 ± 0.08	0.55 ± 0.08	0.99	0.61 ± 0.08	0.63 ± 0.09	0.01
Diagnosis
Hypertension, n (%)	438 (58.32)	555 (73.90)	<0.001	141 (29.62)	254 (53.36)	<0.001
Dyslipidemia, n (%)	283 (37.68)	391 (52.06)	<0.001	96 (20.17)	127 (26.68)	0.02
Diabetes, n (%)	151 (20.11)	226 (30.09)	<0.001	22 (4.62)	46 (9.66)	0.003

BMI body mass index, CKB the China Kadoorie Biobank, DFTJ cohort Dongfeng-Tongji cohort, NK cell natural killer cell.
^aData were presented as means ± SD for continuous variables and numbers (percentages) for categorical variables.
^bP for values were derived from Student’s t test for continuous variables, and Chi-square test for the categorical variables. P values were determined using two-sided statistical tests.

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