Fig. 3: Comparison of different photothermal effects caused by two different side structures.

a Schematic of the high photothermal effect of the flat side due to the low εMIR (~21%). b The Ti3C2Tx (002) pole figure for the flat side of m-Ti3C2Tx. c The spectrum of the flat side of m-Ti3C2Tx within the 0.28–18.3 μm wavelength range, as well as the AM 1.5 G solar spectrum and the radiation spectrum of a blackbody at 673 K. d Schematic of the low photothermal effect of the porous side due to the high εMIR (~91%). e The Ti3C2Tx (002) pole figure for the porous side of m-Ti3C2Tx. f The spectrum for the porous side of m-Ti3C2Tx within the 0.28–18.3 μm wavelength range, as well as the AM 1.5 G solar spectrum and the radiation spectrum of a blackbody at 673 K. g The spectrum simulation for the flat side of m-Ti3C2Tx with varying thicknesses within the 0.28–20 μm wavelength range. h The spectrum simulation for the porous side of m-Ti3C2Tx with varying pore diameters within the 0.28–20 μm wavelength range. i The thermal simulations of different sides. j The measured temperatures from infrared images under different light powers.