Fig. 4: Antiferroelectricity and the incommensurate dipole order.
From: Incommensurate charge super-modulation and hidden dipole order in layered kitaev material α-RuCl3
a Phase diagram of the dipole model, where ‘AFE’ stands for the anti-ferroelectric phase. Cartoon picture of the dipole distribution in three phases: b the anti-ferroelectric phase (the blue/red arrows stand for A/B-sublattice respectively); c the polarized trivial phase; d the incommensurate dipole order phase. e Illustration of the charge density wave(CDW) order associated with the incommensurate dipole order.
