Fig. 4: Phenotypic association of IDPs with risk factors and diseases.
The x-axis shows IDPs and the y-axis shows risk factors and diseases. The numbers in parentheses correspond to the number of subjects with this information for which we were able to measure at least one of the 17 IDPs, for continuous diseases. For binary disease states, it represents the number of subjects who were cases and had data for at least one of the 17 IDPs. Linear (a) and logistic (b) regressions were used for continuous and binary disease states, respectively. For age-of-death and other severe diseases with the age-of-onset information, Cox proportional hazards regression was performed (c). In all models, phenotypes were corrected for age, sex, eye geometry, batch effects, and ethnicity. The colour indicates standardized effect sizes for linear and logistic regressions or hazard ratios for Cox models. Asterisks indicate the level of statistical significance (∗p < 0.05/Ntests, ∗∗p < 0.001/Ntests, where Ntests = NIDP s × Ntraits, and Ntraits is the number of diseases or risk traits considered in each panel). Labels: PR Pulse rate, PWASI Pulse wave arterial stiffness index, HDL High-density lipoprotein, LDL Low-density lipoprotein, HbA1c Glycated haemoglobin, Alcohol Alcohol intake frequency, Smoking pack-years, BMI Body mass index, Diabetes-eye Diabetes related to the eye, DVT Deep vein thrombosis, Other ED: all types of severe eye diseases not included explicitly, PE Pulmonary embolism.
