Fig. 4: Bidirectional annulation reaction.
From: Construction of acenaphthylenes via C−H activation-based tandem penta- and hexaannulation reactions
a Bidirectional annulation reaction of 1z with 2a. Reaction conditions: 1z or 31 (0.1 mmol), 2a (0.4 mmol), [Cp*RhCl2]2 (5 mol%), AgOTf (20 mol%), CuO (0.3 mmol), 1-MeCHA (50 mol%), and DCE (2.0 mL) in a sealed 25 mL Schlenk tube under N2 atmosphere at 150 °C (oil bath) for 16 h. b The structure of 32. c The optimized molecular geometry and molecular orbitals (HOMO and LUMO) of 32, calculated at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d) level of theory. d The absorption and emission spectra of 32 in dichloromethane (1 × 10−5 mol/L). e The two-dimensional nucleus-independent chemical shift (2D-NICS) calculations of 32, calculated at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d) level of theory. f The anisotropy of the induced current density (ACID) plots of 32, calculated at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d) level of theory. The red and blue arrows indicate the clockwise and anticlockwise ring currents, respectively. Me: methyl; HOMO: highest occupied molecular orbital; LUMO: lowest unoccupied molecular orbital; Eg: energy gap.
