Fig. 1: 10 Hz sensory stimulation prominently entrained striatal LFPs and suppressed movement onset transitions. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: 10 Hz sensory stimulation prominently entrained striatal LFPs and suppressed movement onset transitions.

From: Beta-frequency sensory stimulation enhances gait rhythmicity through strengthened coupling between striatal networks and stepping movement

Fig. 1

a Illustration of experimental setup. b Experimental timeline. c Normalized LFP power spectrum (Z-scored to pre-stimulation period) aligned to 10 Hz stimulation onset. d Zoom in around 10 Hz highlighted by the box in (c). e, f Same as (c, d) but during 145 Hz stimulation. g Mean stimulation-evoked 10 Hz LFP power across 10 Hz stimulation sessions. h, i Zoom in around 10 Hz stimulation onset (h) and offset (i). j 10 Hz power during 10 Hz stimulation vs. pre-stimulation (Wilcoxon signed rank test, p = 8.9e-5, n = 65 trials). k Mean phase-locking value (PLV) between 10 Hz stimulation pulses and LFP across frequencies during stimulation (red) vs. random shuffles (black) (Wilcoxon signed rank test, p = 2.4e-4, n = 65 trials). l Mean stimulation-evoked 145 Hz LFP power across 145 Hz sessions. m 145 Hz power during 145 Hz stimulation vs. pre-stimulation (Wilcoxon signed rank test, p = 0.44, n = 24 trials). n Mean PLV of 145 Hz stimulation pulses to LFP during stimulation (purple) vs. random shuffles (black) (Wilcoxon signed rank test, p = 0.016, n = 24 trials). o An example speed recording showing running bouts (dark blue), resting periods (light blue), and onset transitions (red stars). Mouse schematics are adapted from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3925901 and https://zenodo.org/records/3926135. p % time running during stimulation vs. baseline (Wilcoxon signed rank test, 10 Hz: p = 0.0014, n = 23 sessions; 145 Hz: p = 0.022, n = 17 sessions). q Normalized speed (division by maximum speed of a session) during running during stimulation versus baseline (Wilcoxon signed rank test, 10 Hz: p = 0.19, n = 23 sessions; 145 Hz: p = 0.98, n = 17 sessions). r Onset transition frequencies during stimulation versus baseline (Wilcoxon signed rank test, 10 Hz: p = 0.004, n = 23 sessions; 145 Hz: p = 0.523, n = 17 sessions). Lines represent the mean, and the shaded regions are standard error of the mean. Quantifications are visualized as violin plots with the outer shape representing the data kernel density and a box plot (box: interquartile range, whiskers: 1.5x interquartile range, white line: median). All statistical tests are two-sided. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

Back to article page