Fig. 6: Adrenergic signals regulate negative taxi behavior in Trichoplax.
From: Coordinated cellular behavior regulated by epinephrine neurotransmitters in the nerveless placozoa
A Detection of adrenergic signals through ELISA analysis. PBS solution was used as a negative control, while zebrafish brain extracts were used as a positive control. R.salina: Rhodamonas salina, P.caudatum, Paramecium caudatum, E.vannus, Euplotes vannus. two-tailed Unpaired t test. B A homemade device for electrical stimulation of Trichoplax. C, D The morphology and motion trajectories of Trichoplax after electric stimulation. E ELISA analysis shows the increased concentration of adrenergic signals after electric stimulation. Unpaired Mann-Whitney-test. F Time-lapse images showing the negative taxi behavior following local epinephrine stimulation. G A proposed signaling pathway downstream of adrenergic signals regulating negative taxis in Trichoplax. H Expression analysis of genes that are potentially involved in the synthesis of adrenergic signals. The top panels show the clusters of different cell types from scRNA-seq analysis in different haplotypes of Trichoplax as indicated. The bottom panels show relative gene expression levels in different clusters. The expression of the following genes (H1) was plotted: PAH/TH_like: Tad_32954; DDC_like1: Tad_31153; DDC_like2: Tad_60611; DBH_like1: Tad_55459; DBH_like2: Tad_55460. The homologous genes in other strains were identified using BLAST search. Scale bars, 100μm.
