Table 1 Diagnostic results of (n = 20) participants included in the longitudinal study performance analysis

From: Noninvasive in vivo photoacoustic detection of malaria with Cytophone in Cameroon

ID

Visit 1

Visit 2

Visit 3

Visit 4

Visit 5

Day

LM (p/mL)

varATS qPCR (p/mL)

RDT

Nested PCR

Cytophone (peak/min)

Day

LM (p/mL)

varATS qPCR (p/mL)

RDT

Nested PCR

Cytophone (peak/min)

Day

LM (p/mL)

varATS qPCR (p/mL)

RDT

Nested PCR

Cytophone (peak/min)

Day

LM (p/mL)

varATS qPCR (p/mL)

RDT

Nested PCR

Cytophone (peak/min)

Day

LM (p/mL)

varATS qPCR (p/mL)

RDT

Nested PCR

Cytophone (peak/min)

12a

0

9,931,000

2,416,331

H, L

Pf

13.52

      

3

4,360,000

2,321,588

H, L

Pf

7.90

7

0

551

H

Pf

2.28

32

0

0

H

0.00

13

0

1,181,000

4,400,994

H, L

Pf

17.69

1

0

34,799

H

Pf

2.83

4

0

0

H

1.44

7

0

0

H

0.00

29

0

218

0.00

14

0

4,098,000

25,925,074

H, L

Pf

9.72

1

0

14,632

H

Pf

2.28

4

0

0

H

1.43

7

0

0

H

1.20

32

0

0

0.00

15

0

139,000

162,724

H

Pf

3.35

1

0

57,062

H

Pf

0.55

2

0

134,006

H

Pf

0.00

7

0

0

0.00

30

0

0

0.00

16

0

122,000

80,116

H

Pf

2.53

1

0

28,677

H

Pf

2.17

2

0

10,760

H

Pf

0.00

5

0

8039

Pf

0.00

34

0

0

0.00

17

0

195,000

176,404

H, L

Pf

0.06

1

0

0

0.00

3

0

0

0.00

7

0

181

0.00

28

0

88

0.00

18

0

4,444,000

7,213,754

H, L

Pf

1.73

1

0

22,053

H

Pf

0.60

3

0

214

H

0.00

7

0

0

H

0.00

30

0

0

0.00

19

0

23,529,000

29,462,941

H, L

Pf

1.53

1

4,185,000

90,777,945

H, L

Pf

0.00

2

0

57,798

H, L

Pf

0.93

9

0

1147

H

0.00

36

0

0

0.00

21

0

24,000,000

83,840,574

H, L

Pf

1.02

1

0

477,789

H

Pf

0.00

3

0

45,696

H

Pf

0.00

6

0

1067

H

Pf

0.00

31

0

0

0.00

22a

0

131,000

248,059

H, L

Pf, Pm

2.15

1

0

16,126

H, L

Pf, Pm

0.91

4

0

1401

Pm

0.00

11

0

0

Pm

0.00

      

23a

0

60,546,000

23,889,209

H, L

Pf

4.00

1

0

23,902,338

H, L

Pf

4.29

      

7

0

154

H

0.00

29

0

0

0.00

24

0

0

43,637

H

Pf

7.56

1

0

963

0.00

2

0

1416

4.82

6

0

742

0.00

29

0

2,884,435

Pf

0.00

26

0

1,200,000

196,075

H

Pf

0.00

1

0

2204

Pf

0.00

4

0

0

0.00

7

0

0

0.00

35

0

0

0.00

27

0

3,578,000

0

L

Pm

0.54

1

0

0

L

Pm

1.63

3

0

0

0.00

7

0

0

0.00

30

0

0

0.00

28b

0

5,964,000

2,630,750

H, L

Pf

0.85

1

0

87,943

H

Pf

0.00

3

0

738

Pf

0.00

7

0

195

0.00

30

0

0

0.00

29c

0

68,000

7352

H

Pf

0.36

      

2

0

0

H

0.00

6

0

0

H

0.00

34

0

0

0.00

30c

0

1,667,000

99,991

H

Pf

0.47

      

2

0

471

H

0.14

7

0

0

H

0.00

29

0

0

0.00

31c

0

2,909,000

7,341,742

H, L

Pf

1.16

      

2

0

702

H

Pf

0.36

7

0

0

H

0.28

30

0

0

0.28

32

0

0

6,143

H

Pf, Po

0.51

1

0

138

0.16

2

0

997

0.00

5

0

0

0.20

30

0

526

0.00

33

0

42,000

2,313,187

H

Pf

1.86

1

0

4883

H

Pf

0.00

2

0

478

H

0.37

7

0

0

0.00

29

0

0

H

Pf

0.00

  1. n number, LM light microscopy, ID study identification number, p parasites, varATS var gene acidic terminal sequence, qPCR quantitative polymerase chain reaction, PCR polymerase chain reaction, RDT rapid diagnostic test, H antigen histidine-rich protein 2 positive, L parasite lactate dehydrogenase positive, Pf Plasmodium falciparum positive, Pm Plasmodium malariae positive, Po Plasmodium ovale positive.
  2. aMissing visit due to scheduling conflict.
  3. bThis individual took 2 doses of malaria medication within 12 h of study enrollment.
  4. cMissing visit due to technical difficulties.