Fig. 4: Mechanism study of SMTA electrolyte across a wide temperature range.

a ESP distribution in the molecular structures of MeTHF, THF and AN. b The ring-open decomposition process of MeTHF molecules in the presence of NaPF6 salt and the mechanism of improved chemical stability by the interactions between AN and MeTHF. The symbols δ+ and δ− in the structure represent the partially positive and negative charge states, respectively. c Schematic illustration showing the mechanism of inhibiting salt precipitation through dipole-dipole interactions.