Fig. 3: Amygdala high gamma responses to feedback codes win-stay and lose-shift.

A High gamma activity in the amygdala in response to correct feedback on shift and no shift trials (black line represents the mean and shaded regions represent standard error and condition (see legend)). The horizontal black line at the top of the plot represents the time intervals of significant clusters (permutation test, p = .0023, FWEC, two-tailed). Vertical dashed line at t = 0 corresponds to feedback stimulus onset time. The feedback stimulus was presented for 600 ms after which was the inter-trial interval/ fixation. B Difference in mean activity between conditions across patients within significant time points shown in A ordered by size of effect. Horizontal dashed line is the mean difference across all patients. C High gamma activity in the amygdala in response to correct feedback on ED shift and no shift trials (black lines represent mean and shaded regions represents standard error and condition (see legend)). The horizontal black line at the top of the plot represents the time intervals of significant clusters (permutation test, p = .0038, FWEC, two-tailed). D Difference in mean activity between conditions across patients within significant time points shown in (C). E High gamma activity in the amygdala in response to correct feedback on ID shift and no shift trials (black lines represent mean and shaded regions represents standard error and condition (see legend)). The horizontal black line at the top of the plot represents the time intervals of significant clusters (permutation test, p = .0032, FWEC, two-tailed). F Difference in mean activity between conditions across patients within significant time points shown in (E). G High gamma activity in the amygdala in response to correct and incorrect feedback on no shift trials (black lines represent mean and shaded regions represents standard error and condition (see legend)). The horizontal black line at the top of the plot represents the time intervals of significant clusters (permutation test, p = .0049, FWEC, two-tailed). H Difference in mean activity between conditions across patients within significant time points shown in (G). AMY Amygdala, ID Intradimensional, ED Extradimensional. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.