Fig. 7: HIF1α in T cells governs therapeutic effects of ICB.

A, B WT and Hif1α^{− / −} mice bearing palpable MB49 bladder tumor were treated with combined anti-CTLA-4+anti-PD-1 therapy (ICB), followed by periodic measurement of tumor volume (A) and tumor weights at euthanization (B). C IFN-γ production by CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ TILs isolated from tumor-bearing mice in (A–B) (N = 10 for WT, N = 7 for Hif1α^{− / −} (A–C), ****p < 0.0001 for (A), **p = 0.0037 for (B), **p = 0.0083 for CD4⁺ TILs and **p = 0.0097 for CD8⁺ TILs (C). D MB49 bladder tumor-bearing WT and Hif1α^{− / −} mice treated with ICB alone or in conjunction with 2-DG administration, followed by periodic measurement of tumor volume. E–F WT and Hif1α^{− / −} mice bearing palpable MB49 bladder tumor were treated with ICB alone or in conjunction with administration of sodium acetate (NaAc), followed by periodic measurement of tumor volume (E) and tumor weights at euthanization (F) (N = 5 per group for (E and F), ****p < 0.0001, **p = 0.0041) (G). IFN-γ production by CD4⁺ TILs from tumor-bearing mice in (E–F) (N = 5 per group, *p = 0.0265). A two-sided Student’s t-test was used in (B, C) for statistical analyzes. Two-way ANOVA with Šídák’s multiple comparisons test (with adjustment) was used for (A, D–G). All the experiments were repeated 2–5 times. Pooled results shown in the dot plots depicted means ± SEM for all the mice in each group, with each dot denoting an individual mouse. Source data were provided in the Source Data file.