Fig. 2: Conversion of 2D precursor phase to 3D α-FAPbI3 perovskite. | Nature Communications

Fig. 2: Conversion of 2D precursor phase to 3D α-FAPbI3 perovskite.

From: A green solvent enables precursor phase engineering of stable formamidinium lead triiodide perovskite solar cells

Fig. 2: Conversion of 2D precursor phase to 3D α-FAPbI3 perovskite.

a Tracking photoluminescence (normalised) of optimised 2D precursor phase (RBA-MA+ = 1.5) converting to 3D α-FAPbI3 during soaking in “conversion solution” (FAI solution in n-butanol). Unconverted 2D precursor phase shown at t = 0 s. Insets: images of 2D precursor phase (red) and 3D (black) perovskite thin films. b In-situ grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) tracking evolution of crystalline phases present as 2D perovskite is converted to α-FAPbI3. 1H solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of (c) 2D precursor phase (RBA-MA+ = 1.5) thin films (inset shows expanded region of spectrum corresponding to methyl and methylene signals, highlighted in dashed box) and (d) α-FAPbI3 thin films dissolved into DMSO-d6.

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