Fig. 5: Astrocytes excite ChIs through rapid decrease in [Ca2+]o.
From: Rapid modulation of striatal cholinergic interneurons and dopamine release by satellite astrocytes
a, d, f Schematics for viral expression, mouse lines and recording paradigms. b, c Left, example traces; right, changes in [Ca2+]o in response to 500-ms blue light activation (blue column) in (b) controls (n = 15(5)) and GFAP-ChR2 mice (n = 18(5) and (c) GFAP-ChR2 mice in drug-free conditions or with TTX (1 µM), n = 4(4). e Left, z-scored firing rate responses, and right, z-scored mean firing rate changes for excited ChIs in under light-activation (blue bar) in 1.6 mM or 5 mM [Ca2+]o. n = 5(4). Shaded areas denote s.e.m. g Raw membrane voltage responses of recorded ChIs with puff application of aCSF (top) or EGTA (bottom) at 5 s (gray bar). h Z-scored firing rate changes for aCSF (n = 6(5)), calcium chelator EGTA (5 mM) or BAPTA (5 mM) (EGTA: n = 12(6); BAPTA: n = 9(5)) compared to baseline. ***p < 0.001; **p < 0.01; *p < 0.05; Paired two-sided t test in (c), (e), (h). Unpaired t test in (b). Error bars denote s.e.m. Source data are provided in a Source Data file. Cartoon cell components created in BioRender. Cragg, S. (2023) BioRender.com/k30f956. Cragg, S. (2024) BioRender.com/p68j108.
