Fig. 4: Isolation and validation of drought-alleviating activities of diverse Rhizobiaceae strains. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Isolation and validation of drought-alleviating activities of diverse Rhizobiaceae strains.

From: Root hair developmental regulators orchestrate drought triggered microbiome changes and the interaction with beneficial Rhizobiaceae

Fig. 4: Isolation and validation of drought-alleviating activities of diverse Rhizobiaceae strains.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

a Phylogenetic tree of all bacterial strains isolated from Arabidopsis roots (n = 265), based on 16S rRNA gene sequences (V3-V4 region). Different background colors represent isolates belonging to each Phylum. b Primary root length and (c) Shoot fresh weight were assessed for plants (Col-0) colonized by Rhizobium strains under different growth conditions. SynCom_DR represents the synthetic community of three DA-ASVs (ASV31: Sinohizobium sp. 10D7, ASV35: Rhizobium sp. 22D6, ASV60: Sinohizobium sp. 10C12) enriched in the roots of gl2. SynCom_gl2 represents the synthetic community of three DA ASVs and one hub ASV (ASV17). SynCom_AR includes all the members of isolated Rhizobiaceae strains. n = 10 biological replicates from two independent experiments. Only the significant differences (marked with P-value) between inoculated plants and uninoculated(buffer) plants are listed above each bar (one-way ANOVA followed by LSD test, P-values were corrected using Bonferroni method). Box plots show the median (horizontal bar), 25th (bottoms of boxes), and 75th (tops of boxes) quartiles range (QR), as well as non-outlier data value (upper and lower whiskers) of each index. d Heatmap of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after inoculation with different isolates. Genes are grouped into different clusters based on k-means clustering. The heatmap is colored by normalized Z scores. e Gene set network/cluster analysis for DEGs in (d) that are enriched in subnetworks like immune response, photosynthesis, primary and secondary metabolic process, and amino acid metabolism. Each node indicates a distinct pathway, and each edge (gray line) represents the overlapping genes that exist in both two connected pathways. The size of each node indicates the number of DEGs in each distinct pathway. The pie chart indicates the proportion of DEGs belonging to the gene cluster in (d). f, g Heatmap illustration of the DEGs involved in the (f) trehalose biosynthesis and (g) drought response.

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