Fig. 1: LLPS of HBpep-SP variants.

a Peptide sequence of HBpep-SP variants. K(SP) represents the lysine (Lys, K) residue conjugated with the moiety cleavable by GSH, as shown in Fig. S1. The abbreviations used in the text refer to the X1, X2, and X5 positions in the pentapeptide repeat GHGXY. When X1, X2, and X5 are the same residue, a two-letter abbreviation is used, with the first letter corresponding to that residue and the second letter to proline (Pro, P) since the X3 and X4 positions are P in all cases. When the X5 position is different from X1 and X2, a three-letter abbreviation is used (first letter for position X1 and X2 and third letter for position X5). Different colors are used to categorize the residues in X positions. b Phase diagram of representative variants (color categorized) at the ionic strength (IS) of 100 mM, with the region of coacervation and aggregation shadowed in blue and gray, respectively. c Representative optical micrographs of HBpep-SP variants (50 μM, pH = 7.0, IS = 100 mM) from three independent experiments. At these conditions, VPL forms irregularly shaped and dark aggregates, whereas GP, NP, HP, and RPY form spherical microdroplets.