Fig. 3: KANK1 promotes tumor cell proliferation and survival.

a, b Quantification of cell proliferation analyzed by pH3 (n = 5 for each group) and cyclin D1 (n = 6 for KANK1-WT^PyMT and 5 for KANK1-KO^PyMT) staining (a, see also Supplementary Fig. 5a), and cell survival analyzed by cleaved Caspase3 (clCasp3) staining and TUNEL assay (b, see also Supplementary Fig. 5b) (n = 5 for each group). P values (unpaired Student’s t test, two-tailed) are indicated on top of each comparison. Mean ± SD is shown. c KANK1-WT^PyMT and KANK1-KO^PyMT tumoroids stained with KANK1 (magenta) and Nidogen (green). KANK1 localizes at basal side (arrow head) and cell-cell junctions (asterisk) of tumor cells. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bars: 20 µm. d Stills of time-lapse imaging of tumoroid growth for 5 days. Endpoint tumoroids were stained for Ki67 (magenta) and E-cadherin (E-cad, green). Maximal projection of the signals is shown. Scale bars: 50 µm. e Quantifications of KANK1-WT^PyMT and KANK1-KO^PyMT tumoroid growth rate (n = 20 for KANK1-WT^PyMT and 15 for KANK1-KO^PyMT). Organoid size at the starting point was set as 1 (a.u.: arbitrary unit). P values were calculated by two-way ANOVA with Šídák’s multiple comparisons test and indicated for each time point. All data points and mean are shown. f Quantifications of Ki67 positive (Ki67⁺) cells per organoid (n = 6 for each group). P values were calculated by unpaired Student’s t-test (two-tailed). Mean ± SD is shown. Source Data are provided as a Source Data file.