Fig. 1: Wearable thermal flow sensor for detection of vascular access (VA) stenosis.
From: A soft thermal sensor for the continuous assessment of flow in vascular access
a, b Diagram of VA fistula (a) and synthetic graft (b) with mounted devices. c Schematic of a healthy VA and VA failure by chronic venous stenosis or acute thrombosis. Key flow rate (QFlow) terminology is defined. d Exploded view of encapsulated device, containing a double-sided heater with thermal sensors to monitor device-tissue contact and environmental conditions. Magnified optical images show resistive heater traces and flexible suture pads for direct vascular application. Scale bars, 200 µm and 2 mm. e Schematic of thermal flow physics of the proposed anemometric sensing device. f Camera images of the flexible device for use on-skin and on-vessel. Demonstrations of (i) serpentine stretching, (ii) bending, (iii) twisting, and (iv) conformal adhesion to artificial skin. Scale bar, 7.5 mm.
