Fig. 1: Overview of the cyborg swarm navigation.
From: Swarm navigation of cyborg-insects in unknown obstructed soft terrain

a A cyborg insect. In this work, the Madagascar hissing cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa) was chosen for the cyborg system. A backpack circuit board attached to the insect was designed to house the necessary systems, including the locomotion control system and wireless communication module. It was powered by a rechargeable LiPo battery. How to prepare a cyborg insect is detailed in the supplementary materials. b An illustration of cyborg swarm navigation (top view). A decentralized algorithm was proposed to navigate the cyborg swarm to a designated goal through a sandy area in the presence of hills and obstacles. All the cyborgs have no information about obstacles and hills in the field. c The side view and (d) the back view of a cyborg swarm. A comprehensive presentation of this work can be found in Supplementary Video 1.