Fig. 2: Seasonal changes of mélange thickness are correlated with calving dynamics and terminus position.
From: Seasonal changes of mélange thickness coincide with Greenland calving dynamics
a Sentinel-1 HV and Landsat 8 images for Jakobshavn Isbræ on 8 Dec 2021, 7 Jun 2022, respectively. b Landsat 8 images for Kangerlussuaq Glacier on 19 May 2020, 14 Aug 2020, respectively. c Sentinel-1 HV images for Store Glacier on 22 Mar 2019, 19 Dec 2019, respectively. In (a–c), the black dashed line indicates the terminus position and the red line across the fjord indicates the ICESat-2 track along which surface elevation data is acquired. The date on the image shows the acquisition date for ICESat-2 data, which is around the same date as the presented satellite image. Upper left inset shows location of the glacier terminus in Greenland. Images are in polar stereographic projection (EPSG: 3413). d–f Surface elevation profiles extracted along ICESat-2 tracks in (a–c), after accounting for the local difference between the ellipsoid and the geoid. The horizontal axis shows the distance from the terminus (black dashed line in (a–c). Solid and dashed lines represent the surface elevation data acquired from different dates. Note that for Kangerlussuaq on 14 Aug 2020 (dashed line in (e)), there is an increase in surface elevation at distance 1–1.5 km from the terminus due to the presence of a large iceberg. g–i Black dots show the terminus position relative to 1 Sep 2021, 1 Jan 2020, and 1 Jan 2019 for Jakobshavn Isbræ, Kangerlussuaq Glacier, and Store Glacier, respectively. Here, the positive sign indicates terminus advance. Calving events are inferred from satellite images. The vertical solid and dashed lines mark the dates for ICESat-2 data presented in (d–f).
