Fig. 5: The tradeoff between economic and environmental optimum nitrogen (N) rates.
From: The optimum nitrogen fertilizer rate for maize in the US Midwest is increasing

Percent grain yield loss per kg N ha−1 reduction in optimum N rate (from EONR to the EnvONR). Quadratic regression (lines) best explained the variation in the data, with the shaded area around each line representing a 95% confidence interval.