Fig. 3: Attribution analysis for temperature contrast between cropland and reference natural biomes.
From: Biophysical effects of croplands on land surface temperature
The contribution from each biophysical factor to total land surface temperature (LST) difference (ΔTs) over a cropland-induced warming and b cropland-induced cooling regions. The error bars indicate the 95% confidence interval over spatial aggregation. ΔTs,obs is the MODIS-derived LST difference, which is the apparent total LST difference and used as a reference to evaluate the TRM accuracy. ΔTs,trm is the TRM reconstructed total LST difference. The green shading is the sum of temperature difference contribution from biophysical factors, denoted as ΔTs,bio, and the blue shading is the sum of temperature difference contribution from atmospheric conditions, denoted as ΔTs,atm. c Dominant biophysical factors in regulating cropland-induced ΔTs,bio. The inset summarizes the fractional area of each dominant factor. albedo: α; aerodynamic resistance: ra; surface resistance: rs; emissivity: ϵ; ground heat flux: G; Sin and Lin: incoming shortwave and longwave radiation, respectively; Ta: potential temperature of air; qa: specific humidity of air.
