Fig. 2: Discretized representations of the task cues in the V1 orientation space.

a Action Potential related Events (APrEs) generated by the presentation of the Go (45°, left panel) and NoGo stimuli (90°, right panel; Go/NoGo cue angle: 45°) as a function of the V1 neurons’ preferred orientation (average across all neurons of same preferred orientation). The color scale for the neuronal activity is located at the bottom of the (c) panel. The mean behavioral performance (D’) across mice is indicated above the panel. b Mean activity evoked in the orientation space by the Go (45°, blue) and NoGo (90°, red) stimuli during the two first seconds of the stimulus presentation (average between t = 0 s and t = 2 s of the activity shown in (a)). Vertical colored lines indicate the orientation of the presented stimulus. Shaded areas indicate the s.e.m. c Same representation as in (a) when the angle between the Go and NoGo cues is 20°. d Same representation as in (b) when the Go orientation is 45° and NoGo orientation is 65°. e Same representation as in (a) when the Go/NoGo angle is 15°. f Same representation as in (b) when the Go orientation is 45° and the NoGo orientation is 60°. g Violin plot of the distribution of the location of the peak of activity in the orientation space for Go (blue) and NoGo (red) pseudo-trials (n = 1000). Blue and gold stars indicate the orientation of the Go and NoGo stimuli, respectively. h, i Average activity profiles evoked by the 45°, 90°, 65° and 60° stimuli in trained and naïve animals, respectively.