Fig. 1: Sensory disability causes formation of punctae of p62, ATF4 and XRP1 throughout the brain cell non-autonomously.

a Schematic representation of approach used in (b–g) to disrupt photoreceptor activity by blocking synaptic recycling. (b–b”) Micrographs of control adult head cryosections immunostained for XRP1 (b), ATF4 (b’) and Ref(2)p (b”), quantified in (e–g). (c–d”) Representative adult head cryosections of BalaT (c) and CarT (d) mutants inhibiting histamine neurotransmitter recycling immunostained for XRP1 (c, d), ATF4 (c’, d’), and Ref(2)p punctae (c”, d”). Insets are 3x magnified from the indicated area and adjusted for brightness and contrast to better visualize punctae. Yellow arrows indicate punctae which colocalize. e–g Quantification of immunostained heads as shown in (b–d). Bar graphs show median with interquartile range. Data are pooled from 3 independent sets of experiments (n = 6/control, 11/Balat, 10/CarT[43]). Significance threshold was determined by one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. P-values are shown in each graph. h Schematic representation of inhibition of olfaction by olfactory receptor mutants (i–m) and Created in BioRender. Kramer, H. (2024) https://BioRender.com/p69s813. i–j Cryosections of Orco (i) or Or67d (j) adult brains immunostained for XRP1(i, j), ATF4(i’, j’) and Ref(2)p (i”, j”). k–m Quantification of immunostained heads as shown in (i,j). Bar graphs show median with interquartile range of number of punctae per fly brain. Data are pooled from 3 independent experiments (n = 11). Statistical significance threshold was determined by Two-tailed Unpaired t test and P-value is represented in each graph. Scale bars shown in b” and j” are 100 µm and the same for (b–d and i–j). Source data for bar graphs are provided in source data file. Genotypes are listed in Suppl. Table 1.