Fig. 4: Effect of skeletal morphology on flow pattern, field synergy, and energy dissipation at Re=105. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Effect of skeletal morphology on flow pattern, field synergy, and energy dissipation at Re=105.

From: A filter inspired by deep-sea glass sponges for oil cleanup under turbulent flow

Fig. 4: Effect of skeletal morphology on flow pattern, field synergy, and energy dissipation at Re=105.

a Vorticity and local synergic angle (θs). b Schematic illustration of physical field synergy. c Relationship between Sh and volumetric synergic angle (θV). d Proportion of local synergic angle (θs). e–g Time evolution of velocity fluctuation and Reynolds stresses (Rs) at point A under (e) x component, (f) y component and (g) z component. Zoomed-in view of streamline for (h) bio-inspired hollow cylinder (BC) and (i) chequerboard hollow cylinder (CC) skeletons. j, Energy dissipation rate (EDR) along flow direction for different skeletal motifs. Note: Kolmogorov microscale (Km=[(vk)3/EDR]1/4; μm) is the smallest scale of energy dissipation accounting for the smallest sized vortex in turbulent flow37. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

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