Fig. 4: Muscle actuation characteristics and biomimetic design of soft robotsbased on SMCD. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Muscle actuation characteristics and biomimetic design of soft robotsbased on SMCD.

From: Multidimensional free shape-morphing flexible neuromorphic devices with regulation at arbitrary points

Fig. 4

a Mechanism of SMCD actuation. b Current response to a pulse of − 3 V applied to the Au and Ag electrodes. c Deformation-displacement statistics of the SMCD under alternating current voltage drive with amplitudes of 3 V and frequencies of 0.5 Hz, 1 Hz, and 2 Hz. d Schematic representation of a 360° panoramic view inspired by the stalk eyes of a snail. e EPSCs at different angles. f Photocurrent statistics of the bionic stalk eye at different angles. g Optical photographs of the SMCD during the 360° panoramic viewing process, scale bar: 4 cm. h Schematic diagram of Venus flytrap-inspired soft robotics design and optical photographs of the deformation process, scale bar: 1 cm. i Digital photograph of a soft robot capable of hazard perception and avoidance based on SMCD. j Images and schematic of the robot performing hazard detection and avoidance process, scale bar: 1 cm. k Voltage settings for shape programming and correlated photographs of SMCD, scale bar: 1 cm.

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