Fig. 6: Effects of Stereotactic Radioablative PADN on PA Remodeling.

Representative images of Elastic-Van Gieson staining, immunofluorescence double-staining against von Willebrand Factor (vWF) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) of small (<100 μm) A and medium (100–300 μm) B PAs. Quantitative analysis of the vascular wall thickness and area for small C, D and medium E, F PAs in control and treatment groups. Values are expressed as mean ± SD, n = 6 for each group. PA, pulmonary artery; PADN, pulmonary artery denervation; RFA, radiofrequency ablation. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.