Table 2 Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the PVA-EBPD hydrogel sensor for TMJ clicking

From: Instantaneous self-recovery and ultra-low detection limit hydrogel electronic sensor for temporomandibular disorders intelligent diagnosis

  

Clinical Examination-Clicking

Total

  

Opening and closing mouth

 

PVA-EBPD hydrogel sensor monitoring

 

With click

Without click

 

Abnormal

57 (TP)

14 (FN)

71

Normal

1 (FP)

48 (TN)

49

Total

58

62

120

Sensitivity

98.28% (90.76%–99.96%)

Specificity

77.42% (65.03%–87.07%)

Accuracy

87.50%

Youden Index

0.76

 

Lateral movement to the left and right sides

 
 

With click

Without click

 

Abnormal

28 (TP)

13 (FN)

41

Normal

11 (FP)

68 (TN)

79

Total

39

81

120

Sensitivity

71.79% (55.13%–85.00%)

Specificity

83.95% (74.12%–91.17%)

Accuracy

80.00%

Youden Index

0.56

 

Protrusion and retrusion

 
 

With click

Without click

 

Abnormal

42 (TP)

11 (FN)

53

Normal

5 (FP)

62 (TN)

67

Total

47

73

120

Sensitivity

89.36% (76.90%–96.45%)

Specificity

84.93% (74.64%–92.23%)

Accuracy

86.67%

Youden Index

0.74