Fig. 2: Forest plots showing meta-analysis results from five cohorts (UKBB, MVP, ASPREE, MGBB, and FHS) for cluster association with disease outcomes. | Nature Communications

Fig. 2: Forest plots showing meta-analysis results from five cohorts (UKBB, MVP, ASPREE, MGBB, and FHS) for cluster association with disease outcomes.

From: Heterogeneous effects of genetic variants and traits associated with fasting insulin on cardiometabolic outcomes

Fig. 2

Data points represent the mean effect size (odds ratio or beta estimate). Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals (CIs). All statistical tests were two-sided, with a significance threshold set at p = 0.0008, based on a Bonferroni adjustment for multiple comparisons. The dotted vertical line at 1 or 0 represents the null effect (no association). Subgroup results are differentiated by colors, blue (non-T2D), pink (T2D). PIS preserved insulin secretion, EIS elevated insulin secretion, and VAT visceral adipose tissue. D: Diabetogenic; ND: Non-Diabetogenic. Panel A shows associations of fasting insulin clusters with cardiometabolic outcomes; HTN hypertension, CAD coronary artery disease, MI myocardial infarction, ISTR ischemic stroke, CKD chronic kidney disease. Panel B shows associations of fasting insulin genetic clusters with T2D-exclusive outcomes; DR diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, INS insulin use. Panel C shows cluster associations with estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

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