Fig. 5: The robustness of VITAP’s taxonomic assignments for short sequences within different viral phyla, and across whole viral genomes.

This result focuses on the taxonomic assignment efficiency of short sequences that were successfully assigned taxonomic units by VITAP, without considering sequences that were not assigned, as the annotation rate of VITAP has already been thoroughly evaluated in previous results. a The comparison of the taxonomic assignment efficiency at the family and genus level for 1- and 5-kb short sequences, which derived from different viral phyla. For 1-kb sequences, VITAP can produce acceptable family-level taxonomic assignment results; For 5-kb sequences, VITAP can produce reliable results on both genus and family levels. Different viral phyla are represented by distinct symbols; DNA viruses and RNA viruses are denoted by different background colors in the scatter plots. b VITAP is capable of capturing taxonomic signals for 1-kb short sequences from different regions of viral genomes. Four viruses (Tequatrovirus T4, human alphaherpesvirus 1, monkeypox virus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) were used to demonstrate VITAP’s classification confidence for their different genomic sequences. In the genome organization diagrams, heatmaps below indicate the taxonomic assignment confidence levels at the family and genus levels for the sequences; line graphs represent the alignment scores of these sequences among members within their own taxonomic unit, as well as with members of other taxonomic units.