Fig. 5: Clinical and environmental variables associated with viral infection.

a Multivariable logistic regression analysis (two-sided) of factors associated with viral infection for n = 1281 patients. Environmental and clinical history variables reaching p = <0.05 were included in a stepwise analysis. 95% confidence intervals are shown as error bars. Factors found to reach statistical significance are shown in black, while those not reaching significance are shown in grey. b Diagnoses associated with haemorrhage and fever. Cumulative totals of haemorrhagic symptoms in relation to the underlying diagnosis. Presentation with the viral haemorrhagic fever viruses CCHFV, RVFV and YFV was not associated with haemorrhage in the AFI cohort. c Initial clinical diagnosis in cases of confirmed viral infection. d Antimicrobial therapies administered in cases of confirmed viral infection.