Fig. 3: Associations between genetically predicted levels of 65 inflammatory markers and the risk of sarcoidosis in Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Statistical analyses were conducted using a two-sided test. The analysis was based on European GWAS data including 7554 cases 1,367,006 and controls. The number of genetic instruments for inflammatory markers is presented in Supplementary Data 4. a Volcano plot of MR associations between 65 inflammatory markers and sarcoidosis. b Forest plot of 10 associations with P-value < 0.05. Data are presented as odds ratio +/− 95% confidence interval. c Reginal locus plot for interleukin 23 receptor (IL23R) and sarcoidosis. The associations in a and b were scaled to one standard deviation increase in genetically predicted markers. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. OR, odds ratio.