Table 1 Representative two-dimensional Rashba materials and parameters characterizing their splitting strength: Rashba energy (E_R), momentum offset (k₀) and Rashba parameter (α_R)

Au(111)

2.1

0.012

0.33

Ref. ⁴⁷

Bi(111)

14

0.05

0.55

Ref. ⁴⁸

Ir(111)

1.3

Ref. ⁴⁹

InGaAs/InAlAs

<1

0.028

0.07

Ref. ⁷

KTaO₃/Al

0.32

Ref. ⁵⁰

Rb/Bi₂Se₃

52

0.08

1.3

Ref. ⁵¹

Bi₂Se₃/NbSe₂

19

0.038

1.0

Ref. ²⁶

PtTe/PtTe₂

81

0.091

1.8

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