Fig. 1: Design, fabrication, and characterization of bicomponent nano- and microfiber aerogels.
From: Bicomponent nano- and microfiber aerogels for effective management of junctional hemorrhage
a–c Illustration depicting the fabrication process of short nanofibers (NF) (a), short microfibers (MF) (b), and biocomponent nano- and microfiber aerogels (c). For NF fabrication: (1) NF mats produced by electrospinning, (2) short NFs produced by cryo-cutting 2D NF mats and air plasma treatment, and (3) NF dispersion. For MF fabrication: (1) MFs produced by wet spinning, (2) short MFs produced by cutting and air plasma treatment, and (3) MF dispersion. For NA fabrication: freeze casting of the short NF suspension containing gelatin as a cross-linker in a cylindrical mold followed by cross-linking with GA vapor and mold removal. For MA fabrication: freeze casting of the short MF suspension containing gelatin as a cross-linker in a cylindrical mold followed by cross-linking with GA vapor and mold removal. For NMA fabrication: freeze casting of the NF and MF suspension containing gelatin as a cross-linker in a cylindrical mold followed by cross-linking with GA vapor and mold removal. Schematics were created with BioRender.com. d Schematic illustrating the utilization of biocomponent nano- and microfiber aerogels as an injectable hemostatic material for the management of junctional hemorrhage. Created in BioRender. Shahriar, S. (2025) https://biorender.com/y89s148. e Micro-CT images displaying the vertical and horizontal cross sections of aerogels. f SEM images illustrating the morphology of the cross section of each sample Micrographs are representative of 3 independent samples. g–j The weight (g), surface area (h), porosity (i), and percentages of OP and CP (j) of different samples. OP and CP represent open and closed pores, respectively. Data were presented as mean ± s.d., n = 5 samples for (g–j). Statistical differences were determined using one-way (for g–i) or two-way (for j) ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test in GraphPad Prism. NF: nanofiber, MF: microfiber, NA: nanofiber aerogels, MA: microfiber aerogels, NMA: nano- and microfiber aerogels. Source data are provided as a Source data file.
