Fig. 1: Schematic illustration of the stepwise process for the three-dimensional tip-to-tip octahedral supercrystal.

a Au octahedral nanoparticle building blocks were crystallized with tip-to-tip assembly including colloidal Ag shelling (in suspension), templated crystallization (on substrate), and Ag-selective etching (on substrate). b Optical image and (c–d) low-to-high magnified SEM images of three-dimensional tip-to-tip octahedral supercrystals. e Top and (f) side view of the tip-to-tip octahedral nanoparticle assembly.